Chuck for holding drills, reamers, and the like



E. M. SMITH AND A. W. WINSALL.

CHUCK FOR HOLDING 'DR lLLS, REAMERS, AND THE LIKE. APPLICATION FILEDAUG-13, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' E. M. SMITH AND A. w. WINSALL. CHUCK FOR HOLDING DRIL LS, REAMERS,ANDTHE LIKE- APPLICATION FILED AUG- l3, I919.

Patented J 11116 15,

2 SHEETS-SHEET, 2.

UNITED STATES 1 ERIC MONTAGUE sivirrir, or KEYNSHAM, NEAR BBJSTOL, A DALBERT WINSALL, or KEYNsHAM, ENGLAND.

PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM CHUCK ron HoLnrNG DRILLS, REAMERS, AND THE IKE.

To all whom it may 00mm:

Be it known that we, ERIC MONTAGUE SMITH, managing director of TangentTool Company (Cosmos,) Limited, of J Tangent l/Vorks, Bath Road,Keynsham, near Bristol, in the. county of Somerset, England, and ALBERTWYILLIAM WiNsALL, draftsman, residing at Homeleigh, Rock Road, Keynshamaforesaid, bothsubjects ofthe King of Great Britain, have invented newor Improved Chucks for Holding Drills, Reaniers, and the like, ofwhichthe following is a specification. 1

This invention relates to drill chucks which can be easily manipulatedto lock or release the drill by; hand only without the necessity ofseparate locking means such as spanners, keys or the like. y p

The accompanying drawings illustrate sev' eral difierent forms of chickconstructed in accordance with this invention, in which Figure 1' is apart sectional elevation and Fig. 2 an inverted planwithpart removed ofone form whereinfour jaws are employed in grooves provided to receivesame, in the bodypartp v Fig. 3 is a part sectional elevation of thecage or inner member which carries, the jaws and Fig. 4 is a detail. a

Fig. 5is anxinverted plan with cap removed, of a modified constructionwherein three jaws are, used.

FigsfG and 7 are, respectively elevation and plan showing be employed.

Fi g. 8 isadetail OfIIlOdlfiCittlOIl. Fig. 9 represents a verticalsection of'another embodiment ofthis invention.

suitable distance as at 4 to receive asliding or floating 'member'5(referred to as-the cage) which is provided with four transverse slots6. I (See Fig. 3.) Jaws T are mounted in said slots so as tobe capableof sliding tranversely therein.

The outer sides or edges of tliiejaws 7 are inclined or tapered towardthe axis from the how two j aws: only may Specification of LettersPatent. Patented June 15, 1920.

Application filed August 13, .1919. 'Serial No..317,376. i

lower, ends as P at 8 and are semi-circular in cross-section,see Fig.Qandproject from I the cagej5 and bear in the. correspondingly formedgrooves orrecesses 9 in the interior wall of the body 1 while theopposite or inner sides of the jaws inicross-section are beveled or,chamfered so that the four jaws present four,bearing points or edges allequidistant from the axis of thebody (see Fi v Q he cage 5 may ifdesired be made in two parts to facilitate manufacture in which case thelower part is provided with a ring 5" secured. to the cage proper byscrew threads or otherwise. This is shown clearly in Figs. 3 and 4. Thelower part of the cage is preferably made of larger diameter than theupper part as at 5the interior of the body 1 being correspondinglyboredto suit same fora suitabledistance as at 4E, as will permit of thesliding action. 1

. In use, the lockin ring 2 is unscrewed the required amount accordingto the diameter of the'drill) and the drill inserted with the endthereof in contact withthe top or inner endofthe cage .5. The lockingring isv then screwed up ,by thumb and finger which causes the jaws'tobe moved inwardly to grip the drill more or less firmly vby reason ofthe inclined ortapered outer edges of theaws coacting with the taperedgrooves of the body part. a I

Upon pressure being applied bythe operating lever of the machine, thepressure reacts through the drill, tending to move the cage relativelyto the body withthe result that the jaws are pressed tightly onto thedrill and securely grip same, the gripping pressure increasingproportionately as the operating pressure increases and thus the greatdisadvantage of the drill slipping in use is obviated. I

It will be seen that as soon as the pressure due to the drillingoperation is relieved, the

grip on the drill. is correspondingly lessened and the drill. may thenbe easily released simply by slightly unscrewingthe cap 2.- v

The lower end of the locking cap is pref erably formed of thin. metalwhich may be body a light spring 10 is provided adapted to bear upon theinner end of the cage 5 so that said cage will always follow the lockingcap 2 when the latter is unscrewed, to permit of the insertion of adrill of a size which it is required to use.

Instead of four jaws being employed as described two or three may beused but for cheapness and convenience of manufacture either four or twoare preferred, although three jaws may also preferably be usede. 9;, asin Figs. 9 to 11. 5 shows a construction. having three jaws and Figs. 6and 7 a two jaw construction. y

As shown in the last-mentioned construction the two jaws T are formed attheir iunor or gripping faces of V-shape in eresssection as at T theopposing sides being slotted or cut away in staggered formation at 7 inthe usual way so as to permit of the jaws coming close together to holddrills of small diameter.

in the modified construction shown in Figs. 9 to 11 the body part 1 ofthe chuck is formed with an internal cone 11 and the outer side of eachjaw 7 bears against the interior conical wall thereof.

In this arrangement (Figs. 9 to 11) the interior of the body part 1 isprovided with a conical or tapering bore 11 for a suitable distancce. 5as shown in the drawings; and,-at the inner (smaller) end of said cone,

the bore is continued of cylindrical form for a suitable distance toreceive therein the inner end of the cage 5 which latter in the caseillustrated is providedwith three jaws '7 carried in transverse slots 6provided to receive same in the said cage 5; said trans verse slots 6and aws T therein being spaced equi distant around the cage 5; and theouter edge or outer side of each suchjaw acts against and co-acts withwhichever part of the interior of the conical wall 11 same happens tobear against or make contact with.

The reduced portion of the cage 5 in Fig. 9 is adapted to enter thecentral opening of the cap 2. A ring 5? is slipped over the shank of thecage 5 and seats 011 the enlarged portion 5" thereof. The jaws 7 seatupon the ring 5, in such a manner, that when the cap 2 is screwed tight,the said ring will push up the jaws into their closest relativeposition.

12 is a light spring wire or tie which is passed loosely through thegroup of jaws 7 in the cage 5, to normally tie or hold said jaws looselyin position in said grooves in the cage 5 if and when the latter iswithdrawn from the body part 1; the arrangement of said wire or spring12 being such as not to interfere in any way with the movementof thejaws 7 when in operation within the chuck, and also serving to keep.thejaws always open, and preventing them 'clined backs of the-jaws 7 incontact with the conical bore 11 of the body 1, thus insuring that asthe screw cap 2 is unscrewed the jaws '7 automatically open radiallyoutward fromthe center thus facilitating the insertion of the drillshank in any position.

In operation, when the outer edgeso'l' the jaws 7 are forcedagainst theinterior conical wall '13 the frictional contact therewith locks andholdssaid jaws against any relative rotary movement between said jawsand said body part and thus forms an absolute clutch action betweenthese parts and thereby positively rotates the drill the shank of whichis gripped by said jaws.

In the caseof chucks for holding the larger sizes of drills, the inwardtravel of the jaws may be limited; this facilitates the entry of thedrill shank as the opposing gripping faces are always kept apart. Thisis shown inFig. 8 wherein a pin 11 having an enlarged head is-insertedfrom the inner sidetlirough the top of the eage,said enlarged headserving to'maintain a minimum distance between the jaws.

In the case of drills or the-like having tapered shanks,'the grippingedges of the jawscould be similarly tapered and thus, by providing twosets of jaws either straight or taper shank drills-can be used at will.This will be found especially useful where the tang of the drill hasbeen broken off.

1. A drill chuck comprising in combination; a. body having thelowerportion provided with a conical 'borew-ith'the larger diameter ofthe latter at the lower end of said body and having-'inaxial 'alinementtherewith a cylindrical bore extending upwardly from and of the'samediameter as the smaller diameter of said conical bore, an abutment atthe top of said'cylindrical'bore, a non-rotating slotted cage the topend of which is adapted to form an abutment for the "top endbfthesharikof the drill and said. cage having the upper exterior portion thereofcylindrical and of approximately the same diameter as' the aforesaidcylindrical bore in the body and adapted to fit and slide freely in saidbody axially thereof, a spring located between thetop end of saidslotted cage and the aforesaid abutment in the body and tending tothrust said cage outwardfjaws carried in the slots iii-said cageeachsaid jaw having the outer edge tapered to the conical bore in thebody'and having the inner edge ofeach said jawbeveled or chamfere'd soas to present gripping edges to the drill shank and said edges spacedequidistant apart from one another around said drill'shank, and adetachable cap adjustable on the lower end of said body non-rotatingslotted cage adapted to slide in said body axially thereof, jaws carriedon said cage and movable in said grooves, a spring tending to thrustsaid cage outward, and a detachable cap engaging the lower end of saidbody and provided with a slotted head forming spring catches whichengage said cage.

4:. A drill chuck comprising a body provided with longitudinal flaringgrooves, a non-rotating slotted cage adapted to slide in said bodyaxially thereof, jaws carried in said cage and movable insaid grooves, aspring tending to thrust said cage outward, and a detachable capadjustable on the lower end of said body and provided with an elastichead which engages said cage,v said I cage having a reduced portion atits lower 7 end and a detachable ring thereon. v

5. A drill chuck comprising a body provided with longitudinal flaringgrooves, a non-rotating slotted cage adapted to slide in said bodyaxially thereof and provided with a recess in its upper end, jawscarried in said cage and movable in said grooves, a spring disposed insaid recess and tending to thrust said cage outward, and a detachablecap adjustable on the lower end of said body and provided with anelastic head which engages said cage.

ERIC MONTAGUE SMITH. ALBERT WILLIAM WINSALL.

